These sculptures of death were fairly common in 15th century Germany
The late Gothic period in art spans from the late 14th century to the early 15th century. Artists began to incorporate some elements of Renaissance Classicism, although themes were still very much Gothic. The “Todlein,” as this sculpture is called, is an example of this art period, and is believed to have been the work of Hans Leinberger.
The wooden carving is made out of pear wood and it is believed to have been made for Emperor Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, in 1514. The motif of death with an arrow and bow was popular in 15th century Germany and was based on a description in the verses of the 7th Psalm of David.